If you have not selected to sync all terms to the grade book for your school, you will want to make sure you are selecting the new terms to sync. This is done on Grade Book District Mass Synchronization by showing the detail for your school. Check the terms you would like to be syncing to the grade book.
If you have scheduled your grade book sync to run nightly, you will want to delete any scheduled occurrences in Job Queue, and reschedule your sync. If you have not scheduled your grade book to sync, now would be a good time to do that.